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Postal Assistants Recruitment Selection Procedure 2011 Scheme and Syllabus
Saturday, 10 September 2011
23:36
Postal Assistants Recruitment Application Forms 2011 | Postal Assistants Recruitment Selection Procedure 2011 | Postal Assistants Exam Scheme and Syllabus
THE DETAILS IN THIS PROSPECTUS ARE APPLICABLE FOR RECRUITMENT FOR THE FOLLOWING POSTS :
a) Postal Assistants in Post Offices.
b) Postal Assistants in Circle Office and Regional Offices.
c) Postal Assistants in Savings Bank Control Organization
d) Sorting Assistants in Railway Mail Service.
e) Postal and sorting Assistants in Army Postal Service.
f) Postal Assistants in Foreign Post Offices.
g) Postal Assistants in Mail Motor Services.
h) Postal Assistants in Postal Stores Depots.
LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS:05-10-2010
THE EXAMINATION WILL BE HELD ON 14-11-2010 AT 10.00 A.M
METHOD OF SELECTION :
The aggregate marks for selection will be 100. consisting of 40% weightage of percentage of marks secured in 10+2 or 12 th Class, 50% weightage of marks secured in aptitude test and 10 marks for computer test (including typing skill on computer)
A merit list of the candidates will be prepared on the basis of marks in the aggregate secured by them in 10+2 or 12th Class Examination of recognized University or Board of School Education or Board of Secondary Education (excluding vocational streams). This merit list is on the basis of 40% of the percentage of marks secured by the candidate in 10+2 or 12th Class Examination. For example if a candidate has secured 70% of marks in 10+2 or 12th Class Examination, he would be awarded 40% of 70 i.e., 28 marks for the purpose of preparing merit list. Out of this merit list, candidates equal to 10 times of vacancies (for each community separately as per the
vacancies reserved for each community) will be called for to appear for the Aptitude test / written test. The candidates selected will be addressed to appear for the Aptitude Test. Those who desire to appear for the Aptitude Test should credit an examination fee as under :-
i) Rs. 100/- for General Candidates and Rs. 50/- for Schedule Castes / Scheduled Tribes / OBC / Ex-Servicemen / Physically handicapped candidates in any Post Office and produce the receipt at the time of appearing for the test.
The Aptitude Test will contain 50 objective type questions of 2 marks each and will include questions on English, Mathematics, Genral Knowledge and Reasoning and Analytical ability. The duration of the test will be 60 minutes.
50% of the marks secured in aptitude test will be given weightage for the final assessment.
The computer test consists of data entry knowledge and typing knowledge on computer. The test will consist of one passage in English or Hindi to be typed to test the typing knowledge (The Passage for type test will consist of 450 words in English or 375 words in Hindi to be typed at the minimum speed of 30 w.p.m) and data consisting
of figures and letters to test the knowledge of data entry. The test shall be for 30 minutes – 15 minutes for each part i.e., Typing knowledge and data entry and each part shall be given 5 marks each. Marks shall be given at 0 or 5 based on whether the candidate achieves minimum standard or not. There will not be graded marks.
The weightage for computer test will be 10 marks. The marks secured in computer test will be added to the marks already secured in the components referred to in paras 5.2 and 5.4 above and final merit list will be prepared. The final selection will be made on the basis of this final merit list. Attendance in Aptitude Test and Computer Test (including typing skill) is mandatory for selection. Those who fail to appear for these tests will not be selected.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS TO THE APPLICANTS :
a) The aptitude test for all Divisions / Units in the Circle will be held on the same day and at the same time.
Hence even if a candidate applies for different Divisions / Units, he / she will be considered only for the Divison / Unit In which he / She takes the test.
b) Original certificate should NOT be submitted. Only attested Xerox / Photo copies should be sent.
c) All the required documents and certificates should be sent along with the application. The documents / marks lists / certificates submitted at a later date will not be entertained.
d) Only short – listed candidates will be informed to appear for test and finally selected candidates only will be informed of their selection. No correspondence will be entertained regarding application / selections.
e) Community certificate for SC / ST & OBC in the Prescribed form from the competent authorities, as in APPENDIX II and III respectively are to be submitted. Certificates submitted in any other form or from authorities not competent to issue the same will be ignored.
f) The applications should be sent through Speed Post / Registered Post only. Those sent through any other means and given by hand will not be accepted.
g) Applications wrongly addressed or received after due date are liable to be rejected, whatever may be the reason for delay. Applications without required certificates and incomplete information are liable to be rejected. No intimation will be sent in this regard.
h) The nature of work in the Railway Mail Service requires rotation of duties including night shifts / detention on overtime duty in the exigencies of service.
i) The selected candidates for the post of Postal Assistants in Post Offices and Sorting Assistants in Railway Mail Service are required to undergo induction training at any one of the Postal Training Centres or any other place as directed by the appointing authority.
j) The Selected candidates will be posted in the division for which they have applied and selected and are liable to serve anywhere in the Circle and in Army Postal Service in India or abroad as and when required at the sole discretion of the appointing authority.
k) The candidates selected for the Post of Postal Assistants in Savings Bank Control Organization are liable to be posted to any Head Post Office in the circle
l) No travelling allowance or other expenses will be paid or arrangements made for stay for attending Tests. Candidates have to bear their own cost and make their own arrangements for stay.
m) Selection of Candidates to various posts will be in accordance with the relevant Recruitment Rules and administrative instructions issued by the Department of Posts from time to time.
n) The Department reserves the right either to revise the number of vacancies or to cancel the recruitment, If so warranted and the Department will not be liable to return the fee or pay any compensation on the applicant’s application
7. DETAILS OF ENCLOSURES :
(List of attested Xerox copies of certificates and documents to be sent)
a) All Marks Lists of Education Qualifications b) Proof for Date of Birth.
c) Medical certificate given by the Government Medical Officer in the Prescribed format as in APPENDIX I for candidates applying for Postal / Sorting Assstants in Army Postal Service.
d) Caste / Community Certificate in the prescribed form for SC, ST and OBC candidates issued by competent authorities (Please see Appendix II and III).
e) 2 Pass Port Size Photographs (one to be pasted on the application and the other sent loose with name and address written on the reverse)
f) Physically Handicapped Certificate from the competent authority in case of physically handicapped candidates (Please see Appendix IV)
g) Discharge certificate in case of Ex-servicemen or prescribed certificate in case of serving Armed Forces Personnel, If any.
h) Duly filled in Application form itself.
8. The application in the form attached to the Prospectus, completed in all respects may be sent to the officer of concerned division / unit as at col. 10 OF VACANCY POSITION CHART. Vacancy position chart is suplied along with prospectus and application form. The application along with attested copies or requisite certificate should reach on or before the date mentioned in the Vacancy position chart. Applications received after due date are liable to be rejected.
Read full here
THE DETAILS IN THIS PROSPECTUS ARE APPLICABLE FOR RECRUITMENT FOR THE FOLLOWING POSTS :
a) Postal Assistants in Post Offices.
b) Postal Assistants in Circle Office and Regional Offices.
c) Postal Assistants in Savings Bank Control Organization
d) Sorting Assistants in Railway Mail Service.
e) Postal and sorting Assistants in Army Postal Service.
f) Postal Assistants in Foreign Post Offices.
g) Postal Assistants in Mail Motor Services.
h) Postal Assistants in Postal Stores Depots.
LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS:05-10-2010
THE EXAMINATION WILL BE HELD ON 14-11-2010 AT 10.00 A.M
METHOD OF SELECTION :
The aggregate marks for selection will be 100. consisting of 40% weightage of percentage of marks secured in 10+2 or 12 th Class, 50% weightage of marks secured in aptitude test and 10 marks for computer test (including typing skill on computer)
A merit list of the candidates will be prepared on the basis of marks in the aggregate secured by them in 10+2 or 12th Class Examination of recognized University or Board of School Education or Board of Secondary Education (excluding vocational streams). This merit list is on the basis of 40% of the percentage of marks secured by the candidate in 10+2 or 12th Class Examination. For example if a candidate has secured 70% of marks in 10+2 or 12th Class Examination, he would be awarded 40% of 70 i.e., 28 marks for the purpose of preparing merit list. Out of this merit list, candidates equal to 10 times of vacancies (for each community separately as per the
vacancies reserved for each community) will be called for to appear for the Aptitude test / written test. The candidates selected will be addressed to appear for the Aptitude Test. Those who desire to appear for the Aptitude Test should credit an examination fee as under :-
i) Rs. 100/- for General Candidates and Rs. 50/- for Schedule Castes / Scheduled Tribes / OBC / Ex-Servicemen / Physically handicapped candidates in any Post Office and produce the receipt at the time of appearing for the test.
The Aptitude Test will contain 50 objective type questions of 2 marks each and will include questions on English, Mathematics, Genral Knowledge and Reasoning and Analytical ability. The duration of the test will be 60 minutes.
50% of the marks secured in aptitude test will be given weightage for the final assessment.
The computer test consists of data entry knowledge and typing knowledge on computer. The test will consist of one passage in English or Hindi to be typed to test the typing knowledge (The Passage for type test will consist of 450 words in English or 375 words in Hindi to be typed at the minimum speed of 30 w.p.m) and data consisting
of figures and letters to test the knowledge of data entry. The test shall be for 30 minutes – 15 minutes for each part i.e., Typing knowledge and data entry and each part shall be given 5 marks each. Marks shall be given at 0 or 5 based on whether the candidate achieves minimum standard or not. There will not be graded marks.
The weightage for computer test will be 10 marks. The marks secured in computer test will be added to the marks already secured in the components referred to in paras 5.2 and 5.4 above and final merit list will be prepared. The final selection will be made on the basis of this final merit list. Attendance in Aptitude Test and Computer Test (including typing skill) is mandatory for selection. Those who fail to appear for these tests will not be selected.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS TO THE APPLICANTS :
a) The aptitude test for all Divisions / Units in the Circle will be held on the same day and at the same time.
Hence even if a candidate applies for different Divisions / Units, he / she will be considered only for the Divison / Unit In which he / She takes the test.
b) Original certificate should NOT be submitted. Only attested Xerox / Photo copies should be sent.
c) All the required documents and certificates should be sent along with the application. The documents / marks lists / certificates submitted at a later date will not be entertained.
d) Only short – listed candidates will be informed to appear for test and finally selected candidates only will be informed of their selection. No correspondence will be entertained regarding application / selections.
e) Community certificate for SC / ST & OBC in the Prescribed form from the competent authorities, as in APPENDIX II and III respectively are to be submitted. Certificates submitted in any other form or from authorities not competent to issue the same will be ignored.
f) The applications should be sent through Speed Post / Registered Post only. Those sent through any other means and given by hand will not be accepted.
g) Applications wrongly addressed or received after due date are liable to be rejected, whatever may be the reason for delay. Applications without required certificates and incomplete information are liable to be rejected. No intimation will be sent in this regard.
h) The nature of work in the Railway Mail Service requires rotation of duties including night shifts / detention on overtime duty in the exigencies of service.
i) The selected candidates for the post of Postal Assistants in Post Offices and Sorting Assistants in Railway Mail Service are required to undergo induction training at any one of the Postal Training Centres or any other place as directed by the appointing authority.
j) The Selected candidates will be posted in the division for which they have applied and selected and are liable to serve anywhere in the Circle and in Army Postal Service in India or abroad as and when required at the sole discretion of the appointing authority.
k) The candidates selected for the Post of Postal Assistants in Savings Bank Control Organization are liable to be posted to any Head Post Office in the circle
l) No travelling allowance or other expenses will be paid or arrangements made for stay for attending Tests. Candidates have to bear their own cost and make their own arrangements for stay.
m) Selection of Candidates to various posts will be in accordance with the relevant Recruitment Rules and administrative instructions issued by the Department of Posts from time to time.
n) The Department reserves the right either to revise the number of vacancies or to cancel the recruitment, If so warranted and the Department will not be liable to return the fee or pay any compensation on the applicant’s application
7. DETAILS OF ENCLOSURES :
(List of attested Xerox copies of certificates and documents to be sent)
a) All Marks Lists of Education Qualifications b) Proof for Date of Birth.
c) Medical certificate given by the Government Medical Officer in the Prescribed format as in APPENDIX I for candidates applying for Postal / Sorting Assstants in Army Postal Service.
d) Caste / Community Certificate in the prescribed form for SC, ST and OBC candidates issued by competent authorities (Please see Appendix II and III).
e) 2 Pass Port Size Photographs (one to be pasted on the application and the other sent loose with name and address written on the reverse)
f) Physically Handicapped Certificate from the competent authority in case of physically handicapped candidates (Please see Appendix IV)
g) Discharge certificate in case of Ex-servicemen or prescribed certificate in case of serving Armed Forces Personnel, If any.
h) Duly filled in Application form itself.
8. The application in the form attached to the Prospectus, completed in all respects may be sent to the officer of concerned division / unit as at col. 10 OF VACANCY POSITION CHART. Vacancy position chart is suplied along with prospectus and application form. The application along with attested copies or requisite certificate should reach on or before the date mentioned in the Vacancy position chart. Applications received after due date are liable to be rejected.
SSC Stenographers Examination Scheme Pattern Syllabus | SSC Stenographers Grade ‘C’ and ‘D’ Examination Pattern and Syllabus
00:10
SSC Stenographers Examination Scheme and Syllabus | SSC Stenographers Grade ‘C’ and ‘D’ Examination Pattern and Syllabus
SSC Stenographers Scheme of Examination
The examination will consist of a written examination and skill test in stenography.
(A) Scheme of the Written Examination and Syllabus
The written examination will consist of one objective type paper
ote – I : The Paper will consist of Objective Type – Multiple choice questions only. The questions except in Part III will be set both in English & Hindi.
Note – II : Candidates are not permitted to use Mobile Phone, Calculators or any other electronic / electrical device for answering any paper (Test Booklets). Candidates must not, therefore, bring Mobile Phone, Calculators or any other electronic / electrical device inside the Examination premises. Possession of these items, whether in use or not, will be considered as “use of unfair means” in the Examination and appropriate action will be taken by the Commission against such candidates, as per extant policy of the Commission.
Note – III : There will be negative marking of 0.25 marks for each wrong answer. Candidates are, therefore, advised to keep this in mind while answering the questions.
Syllabus :
General Intelligence & Reasoning: It would include questions of both verbal and non-verbal type. The test will include questions on analogies, similarities and differences, space visualization, problem solving, analysis, judgement, decision making, visual memory, discriminating observation, relationship concepts, arithmetical reasoning, verbal and figure classification, arithmetical number series, non-verbal series etc. The test will also include questions designed to test the candidate’s abilities to deal with abstract ideas and symbols and their relationship, arithmetical computation and other analytical functions.
General Awareness : Questions will be designed to test the ability of the candidate’s general awareness of the environment around him and its application to society. Questions will also be designed to test knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person. The test will also include questions relating to India and its neighbouring countries especially pertaining to Sports, History, Culture, Geography, Economic scene, General Polity including Indian Constitution, and Scientific Research etc. These questions will be such that they do not require a special study of any discipline.
Note : For VH candidates of 40% and above visual disability and opting for Scribe there will be no component of Maps/Graphs/Diagrams/Statistical Data in the General Intelligence & Reasoning / General Awareness Paper.
English Language & Comprehension : In addition to the testing of candidates’ understanding of the English Language, its vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms and its correct usage, etc. his/her writing ability, would also be tested.
(B) Skill Test in Stenography : Candidates who obtain the qualifying marks in the Written Examination as may be prescribed by the Commission will only be called for the Skill Test. However, depending on the number of candidates, the Commission may decide to call all the candidates for the skill test. It may also prescribe qualifying marks in each part of the Written Examination.
The Skill Test will be of Qualifying : Nature and the Commission will fix the qualifying standards in the skill test for different categories of candidates. The candidates will have to appear for the stenography test. The candidates will be given one dictation for 10 minutes in English / Hindi at the speed of 100 w.p.m. for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘C’ and 80 w.p.m. for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘D’. The matter will have to be transcribed on computer only.
The transcription time is as follows :-
Note : 1. If the candidates do not indicate the medium of Stenography Test at the relevant place in the Application Form, the Commission will consider ENGLISH as the medium of Stenography Test for such candidates and the candidates will not be allowed to change the medium at a subsequent stage.
2.There is no exemption from skill test for any category of candidates.
3. Candidates who opt to take the Stenography Test in Hindi will be required to learn English Stenography and vice versa after their appointment.
4.VH candidates will be required to transcribe the matter in 75 minutes for English Shorthand or in 100 minutes for Hindi Shorthand for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘D’ and in 70 minutes for English Shorthand test and in 95 minutes for Hindi Shorthand test for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘C’.
5. The Skill Test will be held at the Commission’s Regional/Sub Regional Offices or at other Centres as may be decided by the Commission.
6. Detailed instructions regarding Skill Test will be sent by the concerned Regional/Sub Regional Offices of the Commission to the candidates called for the Skill Test.
9. General Instructions to be complied by the Candidates in the Written Examination
1. Candidates must write the papers/indicate the answers in their own hand.
2. In the question papers, wherever necessary, the Metric systems of weights and measures only will be used.
3.Candidates are not permitted to use calculators and other electronic gadgets except as specified in the Notice. They should not, therefore, bring the same inside the Examination Premises / Venue.
4.Wherever applicable, the candidates must indicate /write the answer either in Hindi or in English or vice versa. If answers are indicated/written partly in Hindi and partly in English and vice versa, the Answer script will not be evaluated and the candidate will be awarded zero marks.
5. If any candidate is found to possess mobile phones or any other means of wireless communication in the working or switched off mode, his/her candidature shall be cancelled forthwith.
Read full here
SSC Stenographers Scheme of Examination
The examination will consist of a written examination and skill test in stenography.
(A) Scheme of the Written Examination and Syllabus
The written examination will consist of one objective type paper
ote – I : The Paper will consist of Objective Type – Multiple choice questions only. The questions except in Part III will be set both in English & Hindi.
Note – II : Candidates are not permitted to use Mobile Phone, Calculators or any other electronic / electrical device for answering any paper (Test Booklets). Candidates must not, therefore, bring Mobile Phone, Calculators or any other electronic / electrical device inside the Examination premises. Possession of these items, whether in use or not, will be considered as “use of unfair means” in the Examination and appropriate action will be taken by the Commission against such candidates, as per extant policy of the Commission.
Note – III : There will be negative marking of 0.25 marks for each wrong answer. Candidates are, therefore, advised to keep this in mind while answering the questions.
Syllabus :
General Intelligence & Reasoning: It would include questions of both verbal and non-verbal type. The test will include questions on analogies, similarities and differences, space visualization, problem solving, analysis, judgement, decision making, visual memory, discriminating observation, relationship concepts, arithmetical reasoning, verbal and figure classification, arithmetical number series, non-verbal series etc. The test will also include questions designed to test the candidate’s abilities to deal with abstract ideas and symbols and their relationship, arithmetical computation and other analytical functions.
General Awareness : Questions will be designed to test the ability of the candidate’s general awareness of the environment around him and its application to society. Questions will also be designed to test knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person. The test will also include questions relating to India and its neighbouring countries especially pertaining to Sports, History, Culture, Geography, Economic scene, General Polity including Indian Constitution, and Scientific Research etc. These questions will be such that they do not require a special study of any discipline.
Note : For VH candidates of 40% and above visual disability and opting for Scribe there will be no component of Maps/Graphs/Diagrams/Statistical Data in the General Intelligence & Reasoning / General Awareness Paper.
English Language & Comprehension : In addition to the testing of candidates’ understanding of the English Language, its vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms and its correct usage, etc. his/her writing ability, would also be tested.
(B) Skill Test in Stenography : Candidates who obtain the qualifying marks in the Written Examination as may be prescribed by the Commission will only be called for the Skill Test. However, depending on the number of candidates, the Commission may decide to call all the candidates for the skill test. It may also prescribe qualifying marks in each part of the Written Examination.
The Skill Test will be of Qualifying : Nature and the Commission will fix the qualifying standards in the skill test for different categories of candidates. The candidates will have to appear for the stenography test. The candidates will be given one dictation for 10 minutes in English / Hindi at the speed of 100 w.p.m. for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘C’ and 80 w.p.m. for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘D’. The matter will have to be transcribed on computer only.
The transcription time is as follows :-
Note : 1. If the candidates do not indicate the medium of Stenography Test at the relevant place in the Application Form, the Commission will consider ENGLISH as the medium of Stenography Test for such candidates and the candidates will not be allowed to change the medium at a subsequent stage.
2.There is no exemption from skill test for any category of candidates.
3. Candidates who opt to take the Stenography Test in Hindi will be required to learn English Stenography and vice versa after their appointment.
4.VH candidates will be required to transcribe the matter in 75 minutes for English Shorthand or in 100 minutes for Hindi Shorthand for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘D’ and in 70 minutes for English Shorthand test and in 95 minutes for Hindi Shorthand test for the post of Stenographer Grade ‘C’.
5. The Skill Test will be held at the Commission’s Regional/Sub Regional Offices or at other Centres as may be decided by the Commission.
6. Detailed instructions regarding Skill Test will be sent by the concerned Regional/Sub Regional Offices of the Commission to the candidates called for the Skill Test.
9. General Instructions to be complied by the Candidates in the Written Examination
1. Candidates must write the papers/indicate the answers in their own hand.
2. In the question papers, wherever necessary, the Metric systems of weights and measures only will be used.
3.Candidates are not permitted to use calculators and other electronic gadgets except as specified in the Notice. They should not, therefore, bring the same inside the Examination Premises / Venue.
4.Wherever applicable, the candidates must indicate /write the answer either in Hindi or in English or vice versa. If answers are indicated/written partly in Hindi and partly in English and vice versa, the Answer script will not be evaluated and the candidate will be awarded zero marks.
5. If any candidate is found to possess mobile phones or any other means of wireless communication in the working or switched off mode, his/her candidature shall be cancelled forthwith.
Cultural Talent Search Scholarship Scheme 2012 | CCRT Scheme 2012
Sunday, 4 September 2011
00:57
Cultural Talent Search Scholarship Scheme 2012 | CCRT Scheme 2012
The CCRT is implementing cultural talent search scholarship scheme to provide facilities to outstanding young children selected in the age group of 10 to 14 years for developing their talent in various cultural fields such as traditional forms of music, dance, drama, painting, sculpture and crafts laying special emphasis on rare art forms. The scholarship awarded under the scheme is for two years at a time which is renewable after every two years till the completion of the first university degree stage of education or up to the age of 20 years.
520 scholarships are awarded every year, of which 20 are being reserved for specially challenged children. The value of scholarship is Rs 3600/- (three thousand six hundred) per year and actual tuition fee paid for the specialized training is also reimbursed up to Rs 9000/- (nine thousand) per year.
Children whose date of birth is in between 01.07.1997 and 30.06.2001 (both days inclusive) are eligible to apply for the award of scholarships for the year 2011-12.
Last Date:
BASIS OF SELECTION :-
Children in the age group of 10-14 years studying either in recognized schools or belonging to families practicing traditional, performing and other arts are chosen for the scholarships.
The outstanding children in various cultural fields such as traditional forms of music, dance, drama as well as painting, sculpture and crafts are selected for the award of scholarships. Special emphasis is given to rare art forms, which are in the process of becoming extinct.
Click Here To More Details
Read full here
The CCRT is implementing cultural talent search scholarship scheme to provide facilities to outstanding young children selected in the age group of 10 to 14 years for developing their talent in various cultural fields such as traditional forms of music, dance, drama, painting, sculpture and crafts laying special emphasis on rare art forms. The scholarship awarded under the scheme is for two years at a time which is renewable after every two years till the completion of the first university degree stage of education or up to the age of 20 years.
520 scholarships are awarded every year, of which 20 are being reserved for specially challenged children. The value of scholarship is Rs 3600/- (three thousand six hundred) per year and actual tuition fee paid for the specialized training is also reimbursed up to Rs 9000/- (nine thousand) per year.
Children whose date of birth is in between 01.07.1997 and 30.06.2001 (both days inclusive) are eligible to apply for the award of scholarships for the year 2011-12.
Last Date:
BASIS OF SELECTION :-
Children in the age group of 10-14 years studying either in recognized schools or belonging to families practicing traditional, performing and other arts are chosen for the scholarships.
The outstanding children in various cultural fields such as traditional forms of music, dance, drama as well as painting, sculpture and crafts are selected for the award of scholarships. Special emphasis is given to rare art forms, which are in the process of becoming extinct.
Click Here To More Details
UPSC Junior Works Managers Recruitment Exam Pattern and Syllabus | UPSC Junior Works Managers Recruitment Selection Procedure
Saturday, 3 September 2011
10:18
UPSC Junior Works Managers Recruitment Exam Pattern and Syllabus | UPSC Junior Works Managers Recruitment Selection Procedure
Junior Works Managers (Mechanical) in Ordnance Factory Board
A Written Objective Type Test with multiple choices answer will be conducted and followed by Interview for selection of Candidates to the posts of Junior Works Manager (Mechanical). The written test will be conducted on 9th January, 2011 in the Forenoon Session.
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE TEST :
SCHEME : The test will be of two hours’ duration and the medium of the question paper will be English only. The test will be an objective type with multiple choices of answer and will carry a maximum of 100 marks. There will be a penalty for wrong answers. Every wrong answer will carry a deduction of one-third of the marks assigned to that question. If no answer is marked for a question, there will be no penalty for that question. The level of the question paper will be of the BE programme of Indian Universities. SYLLABUS : The syllabus of the Test shall cover following major topics : Statics and Dynamics, Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines, Machine Design, Mechanics of Solids, Production Technology, Manufacturing Science including machine Tools, Metrology, Industrial Engineering, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, Material Science, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning.
Junior Works Managers (Chemical) in Ordnance Factory Board
A Written Objective Type Test with multiple choices answer will be conducted and followed by Interview for selection of Candidates to the posts of Junior Works Manager (Chemical). The written test will be conducted on 9th January, 2011 in the Afternoon Session.
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE TEST :
SCHEME : The test will be of two hours’ duration and the medium of the question paper will be English only. The test will be an objective type with multiple choices of answer and will carry a maximum of 100 marks. There will be a penalty for wrong answers. Every wrong answer will carry a deduction of one-third of the marks assigned to that question. If no answer is marked for a question, there will be no penalty for that question. The level of the question paper will be of the BE programme of Indian Universities. SYLLABUS : The syllabus of the Test shall cover following major topics : Fundamentals of Science, Periodical Classification of Elements, Non-metals, Chemical Bonding, Structure & Properties of Solids, Carbon & Carbon Compounds, Chemical Process Industries, Petroleum Refining Engineering, Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer, Process Control & Instrumentation, Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Chemical Reaction Engineering, Fuels & Combustion, Materials of Construction, Process Equipment Design, Nuclear Power Engineering, Furnace Technology, Polymers, Corrosion.
Notification Details and Application Forms
Read full here
Junior Works Managers (Mechanical) in Ordnance Factory Board
A Written Objective Type Test with multiple choices answer will be conducted and followed by Interview for selection of Candidates to the posts of Junior Works Manager (Mechanical). The written test will be conducted on 9th January, 2011 in the Forenoon Session.
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE TEST :
SCHEME : The test will be of two hours’ duration and the medium of the question paper will be English only. The test will be an objective type with multiple choices of answer and will carry a maximum of 100 marks. There will be a penalty for wrong answers. Every wrong answer will carry a deduction of one-third of the marks assigned to that question. If no answer is marked for a question, there will be no penalty for that question. The level of the question paper will be of the BE programme of Indian Universities. SYLLABUS : The syllabus of the Test shall cover following major topics : Statics and Dynamics, Kinematics and Dynamics of Machines, Machine Design, Mechanics of Solids, Production Technology, Manufacturing Science including machine Tools, Metrology, Industrial Engineering, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, Material Science, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning.
Junior Works Managers (Chemical) in Ordnance Factory Board
A Written Objective Type Test with multiple choices answer will be conducted and followed by Interview for selection of Candidates to the posts of Junior Works Manager (Chemical). The written test will be conducted on 9th January, 2011 in the Afternoon Session.
SCHEME AND SYLLABUS FOR THE TEST :
SCHEME : The test will be of two hours’ duration and the medium of the question paper will be English only. The test will be an objective type with multiple choices of answer and will carry a maximum of 100 marks. There will be a penalty for wrong answers. Every wrong answer will carry a deduction of one-third of the marks assigned to that question. If no answer is marked for a question, there will be no penalty for that question. The level of the question paper will be of the BE programme of Indian Universities. SYLLABUS : The syllabus of the Test shall cover following major topics : Fundamentals of Science, Periodical Classification of Elements, Non-metals, Chemical Bonding, Structure & Properties of Solids, Carbon & Carbon Compounds, Chemical Process Industries, Petroleum Refining Engineering, Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer, Process Control & Instrumentation, Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Chemical Reaction Engineering, Fuels & Combustion, Materials of Construction, Process Equipment Design, Nuclear Power Engineering, Furnace Technology, Polymers, Corrosion.
Notification Details and Application Forms
BSNL Direct Recruitment of TTA Exam Scheme and Syllabus | BSNL Telecom Technical Assistants Recruitment Exam Pattern and Syllabus | BSNL TTA Exam
10:10
BSNL Direct Recruitment of TTA Exam Scheme and Syllabus | BSNL Telecom Technical Assistants Recruitment Exam Pattern and Syllabus | BSNL TTA Exam Syllabus and Question Paper
Syllabus & Question Paper :
(a) There shall be only one Paper of multiple choice objective type of three hours duration as per syllabus with the following details:
(b) Total number of Questions in the paper would be 200 and each question shall carry one mark.
(c) The standard of paper in General Ability test will be such as may be expected of an Engineering Diploma holder. The standard of papers in other subject will approximately be that of Diploma level of an Indian Polytechnic. In the Specialization Part-III, a candidate has to attempt a common set of questions from the consolidated syllabus prescribed under Specialization
Part-III. Minimum qualifying standards
BSNL may fix at its discretion minimum qualifying marks for each part as well as in the aggregate. Candidates obtaining less than minimum-qualifying marks in any of the parts or in aggregate shall not be considered for inclusion in the merit-list.
BSNL reserves the right to change the number of vacancies of TTAs. The appearance of the name in the merit-list does not confer any right on the candidate for employment. A final call letter/ appointment letter will be issued to the candidate after completion of all other formalities. No request for BSNL TTA Notification Details & More
Read full here
Syllabus & Question Paper :
(a) There shall be only one Paper of multiple choice objective type of three hours duration as per syllabus with the following details:
|
| Marks | |
| Part- I | General Ability | Test 20 |
| Part- II | Basic Engineering | 90way2freshers.com |
| Part- III | Specialization | 90 |
(b) Total number of Questions in the paper would be 200 and each question shall carry one mark.
(c) The standard of paper in General Ability test will be such as may be expected of an Engineering Diploma holder. The standard of papers in other subject will approximately be that of Diploma level of an Indian Polytechnic. In the Specialization Part-III, a candidate has to attempt a common set of questions from the consolidated syllabus prescribed under Specialization
Part-III. Minimum qualifying standards
BSNL may fix at its discretion minimum qualifying marks for each part as well as in the aggregate. Candidates obtaining less than minimum-qualifying marks in any of the parts or in aggregate shall not be considered for inclusion in the merit-list.
BSNL reserves the right to change the number of vacancies of TTAs. The appearance of the name in the merit-list does not confer any right on the candidate for employment. A final call letter/ appointment letter will be issued to the candidate after completion of all other formalities. No request for BSNL TTA Notification Details & More
CSIR-UGC NET JRF and Lectureship Earth Sciences Exam Scheme | CSIR-UGC NET JRF and Lectureship Earth Sciences Exam Syllabus
Monday, 29 August 2011
00:10
CSIR-UGC (NET) EXAM FOR AWARD OF JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP AND ELIGIBILITY FOR LECTURERSHIP
CSIR-UGC NET JRF and Lectureship Earth Sciences Exam Scheme | CSIR-UGC NET JRF and Lectureship Earth Sciences Exam Syllabus
EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, OCEAN AND PLANETARY SCIENCES
EXAM SCHEME
TIME: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS: 200
From June, 2011 CSIR-UGC (NET) Exam for Award of Junior Research Fellowship and Eligibility for Lecturership shall be a Single Paper Test having Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). The question paper shall be divided in three parts.
Part ‘A’
This part shall carry 20 questions pertaining to General Science, Quantitative Reasoning & Analysis and Research Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200.
Part ‘B’
This part shall contain 50 Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) generally covering the topics given in the syllabus. A candidate shall be required to answer any 35 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200.
Part ‘C’
This part shall contain 50 questions that are designed to test a candidate’s knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem. Each question may have sub-parts. A candidate shall be required to answer any 10 complete questions, including sub-parts. Each question shall be of 10 marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200.
For Part ‘A’ and ‘B’ there will be Negative marking @25% for each wrong answer. No Negative marking for Part ‘C’.
To enable the candidates to go through the questions, the question paper booklet shall be distributed 15 minutes before the scheduled time of the exam. The Answer sheet shall be distributed at the scheduled time of the exam.
On completion of the exam i.e. at the scheduled closing time of the exam, the candidates shall be allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet. No candidate is allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet in case he/she chooses to leave the test before the scheduled closing time.
EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, OCEAN AND PLANETARY SCIENCES PAPER I (PART B) Syllabus
1. The Earth and the Solar System:
Milky Way and the solar system. Modern theories on the origin of the Earth and other planetary bodies. Earth’s orbital parameters, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, Geological Time Scale; Space and time scales of processes in the solid Earth, atmosphere and oceans. Age of the Earth. Radioactive isotopes and their applications in earth sciences. Basic principles of stratigraphy. Theories about the origin of life and the nature of fossil record. Earth’s gravity and magnetic fields and its thermal structure: Concept of Geoid and, spheroid; Isostasy.
2 A. Earth Materials, surface features and Processes: Gross composition and physical properties of important minerals and rocks; properties and processes responsible for mineral concentrations; nature and distribution of rocks and minerals in different units of the earth and different parts of India
2 B. Surface features and Processes
Physiography of the Earth; weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition of Earth’s material; formation of soil, sediments and sedimentary rocks; energy balance of the Earth’s surface processes; physiographic features and river basins in India
3. Interior of the Earth, Deformation and Tectonics
Basic concepts of seismology and internal structure of the Earth. Physico-chemical and seismic properties of Earth’s interior. Concepts of stress and strain. Behaviour of rocks under stress; Folds, joints and faults. Earthquakes – their causes and measurement. Interplate and intraplate seismicity. Paleomagnetism, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics.
4. Oceans and Atmosphere
Hypsography of the continents and ocean floor –continental shelf, slope, rise and abyssal plains. Physical and chemical properties of sea water and their spatial variations. Residence times of elements in sea water. Ocean currents, waves and tides, important current systems, thermohaline circulation and the oceanic conveyor belt. Major water masses of the world’s oceans. Biological productivity in the oceans.
Motion of fluids, waves in atmospheric and oceanic systems. Atmospheric turbulence and boundary layer. Structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere, lapse rate and stability, scale height, geopotential, greenhouse gases and global warming. Cloud formation and precipitation processes, air- sea interactions on different space and time scales. Insolation and
heat budget, radiation balance, general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Climatic and sea level changes on different time scales. Coupled ocean-atmosphere system, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). General weather systems of India, – Monsoon system, cyclone and jet stream, Western disturbances and severe local convective systems, distribution of precipitation over India.
Marine and atmospheric pollution, ozone depletion.
5. Environmental Earth Sciences
Properties of water; hydrological cycle; water resources and management. Energy resources, uses, degradation, alternatives and management; Ecology and biodiversity. Impact of use of energy and land on the environment. Exploitation and conservation of mineral and other natural resources. Natural hazards. Elements of Remote Sensing.
PAPER I (PART C)
I. GEOLOGY
1) MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY:
Concept of point group, space group, reciprocal lattice, diffraction and imaging. Concepts of crystal field theory and mineralogical spectroscopy. TEM and SEM applications. Lattice defects (point, line and planar). Electrical, magnetic and optical properties of minerals. Bonding and crystal structures of common oxides, sulphides, and silicates. Transformation of minerals – polymorphism, polytypism, and polysomatism. Solid solution and exsolution.
Steady-state geotherms. Genesis, properties, emplacement and crystallization of magmas. Phase equilibrium studies of simple systems, effect of volatiles on melt equilibria. Magma-mixing, -mingling and -immiscibility.
Metamorphic structures and textures; isograds and facies. Mineral reactions with condensed phases, solid solutions, mixed volatile equilibria and thermobarometry. Metamorphism of pelites, mafic-ultra mafic rocks and siliceous dolomites. Material transport during metamorphism. P-T-t path in regional metamorphic terrains, plate tectonics and metamorphism.
Petrogenetic aspects of important rock suites of India, such as the Deccan Traps, layered intrusive complexes, anorthosites, carbonatites, charnockites, khondalites gondites and granitoids.
2) STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND GEOTECTONICS:
Theory of stress and strain. Behaviour of rocks under stress. Mohr circle. Various states of stress and their representation by Mohr circles. Different types of failure and sliding criteria. Geometry and mechanics of fracturing and conditions for reactivation of pre-existing discontinuities. Common types of finite strain ellipsoids. L-, L-S-, and S-tectonic fabrics. Techniques of strain analysis. Particle paths and flow patterns. Progressive strain history. Introduction to deformation mechanisms. Role of fluids in deformation processes. Geometry and analyses of brittle-ductile and ductile shear zones. Sheath folds. Geometry and mechanics of development of folds, boudins, foliations and lineations. Interference patterns of superposed fold. Fault-related folding. Gravity induced structures. Tectonic features of extensional-, compressional-, and strike-slip-terranes. and relevance to plate boundaries.
3) PALEONTOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS:
Theories on origin of life. Organic evolution – Punctuated Equilibrium and Phyletic Gradualism models. Mass extinctions and their causes. Application of fossils in age determination and correlation. Paleoecology, Life habitats and various ecosystems, Paleobiogeography. Modes of preservation of fossils and taphonomic considerations. Types of microfossils. Environmental significance of fossils and trace fossils. Use of microfossils in interpretation of sea floor tectonism. Application of micropaleontology in hydrocarbon exploration. Oxygen and Carbon isotope studies of microfossils and their use in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic interpretation. Important invertebrate fossils, vertebrate fossils, plant fossils and microfossils in Indian stratigraphy.
4) SEDIMENTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY:
Clastic sediments- gravel, sand and mud; biogenic, chemical and volcanogenic sediments. Classification of conglomerates, sandstones and mudstones, and carbonate rocks. Flow regimes and processes of sediment transport. Sedimentary textures and structures. Sedimentary facies and environments, reconstruction of paleoenvironments. Formation and evolution of sedimentary basins. Diagenesis of siliciclastic and carbonate rocks.
Recent developments in stratigraphic classification. Code of stratigraphic nomenclature – Stratotypes, Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSP). Lithostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic and biostratigraphic subdivisions. Methods of startigraphic correlation including Shaw’s Graphic correlation. Concept of sequence stratigraphy. Rates of sediment accumulation, unconformities. Facies concept in Stratigraphy – Walther’s law. Methods for paleogeographic reconstruction. Earth’s Climatic History. Phanerozoic stratigraphy of India with reference to the type areas– their correlation with equivalent formations in other regions. Boundary problems in Indian Phanerozoic stratigraphy.
5) MARINE GEOLOGY AND PALEOCEANOGRAPHY:
Morphologic and tectonic domains of the ocean floor. Structure, composition and mechanism of the formation of oceanic crust. hydrothermal vents-. Ocean margins and their significance. Ocean Circulation, Coriolis effect and Ekman spiral, convergence, divergence and upwelling, El Nino. Indian Ocean Dipole Thermohaline circulation and oceanic conveyor belt. Formation of Bottom waters; major water masses of the world’s oceans. Oceanic sediments: Factors controlling the deposition and distribution of oceanic sediments; geochronology of oceanic sediments, diagenetic changes in oxic and anoxic environments. Tectonic evolution of the ocean basins. Mineral resources. Paleoceanography – Approaches to paleoceanographic reconstructions; various proxy indicators for paleoceanographic interpretation. Reconstruction of monsoon variability by using marine proxy records Opening and closing of ocean gateways and their effect on circulation and climate during the Cenozoic. Sea level processes and Sea level changes.
Methods of paleo Sea Surface temperature. Quantifications.
6) GEOCHEMISTRY:
Structure and atomic properties of elements, the Periodic Table; ionic substitution in minerals; Phase rule and its applications in petrology, thermodynamics of reactions involving pure phases, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and fluids; equilibrium and distribution coefficients. Nucleation and diffusion processes in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary environments, redox reactions and Eh-pH diagrams and their applications. Mineral/mineral assemblages as ‘sensors’ of ambient environments. Geochemical studies of aerosols, surface-, marine-, and ground waters. Radioactive decay schemes and their application to geochronology and petrogenesis. Stable isotopes and their application to earth system processes; geochemical cylcles.
7) ECONOMIC GEOLOGY:
Magmatic, hydrothermal and surface processes of ore formation. Metallogeny and its relation to crustal evolution; Active ore-forming systems, methods of mineral deposit studies including ore microscopy, fluid inclusions and isotopic systematics; ores and metamorphism- cause and effect relationships. Geological setting, characteristics, and genesis of ferrous, base and noble metals. Origin, migration and entrapment of petroleum; properties of source and reservoir rocks; structural, stratigraphic and combination traps. Methods of petroleum exploration. Petroliferous basins of India. Origin of peat, lignite, bitumen and anthracite. Classification, rank and grading of coal; coal petrography, coal resources of India. Gas hydrates and coal bed methane. Nuclear and non-conventional energy resources.
8) PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND CRUSTAL EVOLUTION:
Evolution of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere;, lithological, geochemical and stratigraphic characteristics of granite – greenstone and granulite belts. Stratigraphy and geochronology of the cratonic nuclei, mobile belts and Proterozoic sedimentary basins of India. Life in Precambrian. Precambrian – Cambrian boundary with special reference to India.
9) QUATERNARY GEOLOGY:
Definition of Quaternary. Quaternary Stratigraphy – Oxygen Isotope stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy. Quaternary climates – glacial-interglacial cycles, eustatic changes, proxy indicators of paleoenvironmental/ paleoclimatic changes, – land, ocean and cryosphere (ice core studies). Responses of geomorphic systems to climate, sea level and tectonics on variable time scales in the Quaternary,. Quaternary dating methods, –radiocarbon, Uranium series, Luminescence, Amino-acid, relative dating methods. Quaternary stratigraphy of India– continental records (fluvial, glacial, aeolian, palaeosols and duricrust); marine records; continental-marine correlation of Quaternary record.
Evolution of man and Stone Age cultures. Plant and animal life in relation to glacial and interglacial cycles during Quaternary.
Tectonic geomorphology, neotectonics, active tectonics and their applications to natural hazard assessment.
10) (I)APPLIED GEOLOGY:
(i) Remote Sensing and GIS: Elements of photogrammetry, elements of photo-interpretation, electromagnetic spectrum, emission range, film and imagery, sensors, geological interpretations of air photos and imageries. Global positioning systems. GIS- data structure, attribute data, thematic layers and query analysis.
(ii) Engineering Geology: Engineering properties of rocks and physical characteristics of building stones, concretes and other aggregates. Geological investigations for construction of dams, bridges, highways and tunnels. Remedial measures. Mass movements with special emphasis on landslides and causes of hillslope instability. Seismic design of buildings.
(iii) Mineral Exploration: Geological, geophysical, geochemical and geobotanical methods of surface and sub-surface exploration on different scales. Sampling, assaying and evaluation of mineral deposits.
(iv) Hydrogeology: Groundwater, Darcy’s law, hydrological characteristics of aquifers, hydrological cycle. Precipitation, evapotranspiration and infiltration processes. Hydrological classification of water-bearing formations. Fresh and salt-water relationships in coastal and inland areas. Groundwater exploration and water pollution. Groundwater regimes in India.
(II) PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
1) Geomorphology: Development in geomorphology. Historical and process Geomorphology. Landforms in relation to climate, rock type, structure and tectonics. Processes – weathering, pedogenesis, mass movement, erosion, transportation and deposition. Geomorphic processes and landforms – fluvial, glacial, eolian, coastal and karst. River forms and processes – stream flow, stage-discharge relationship; hydrographs and flood frequency analysis. Submarine relief. Geomorphology and topographic analysis including DEM, Environmental change– causes, effects on processes and landforms. Extra-terrestrial geomorphology.
2) Climatology: Fundamental principles of climatology. Earth’s radiation balance; latitudinal and seasonal variation of insolation, temperature, pressure, wind belts, humidity, cloud formation and precipitation, water balance. Air masses, monsoon, Jet streams, tropical cyclones, and ENSO. Classification of climates – Koppen’s and Thornthwaite’s scheme of classification. Climate change.
3) Bio-geography: Elements of biogeography with special reference to India; environment, habitat, plant-animal association; zoo-geography of India; Biomes, elements of plant geography, distribution of forests and major plant communities. Distribution of major animal communities. Conservation of forests. Wildlife sanctuaries and parks.
4) Environmental Geography: Man-land relationship. Resources – renewable and non-renewable. Natural and man-made hazards – droughts, floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis. Ecological balance, environmental pollution and deterioration.
5) Geography of India: Physiography, drainage, climate, soils and natural resources – the Himalaya, Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, and peninsular India Precambrian shield, the Gondwana rift basins, Deccan Plateau. Indian climatology with special reference to seasonal distribution and variation of temperature, humidity, wind and precipitation; Climate zones of India. Agricultural geography of India. Population – its distribution and characteristics. Urbanization and migration. Environmental problems and issues.
(III) GEOPHYSICS
1) Signal Processing: Continuous and discrete signals; Fourier series; linear time invariant systems with deterministic and random inputs; band limited signal and sampling theorem; discrete and Fast Fourier transform; Z-transform; convolution; Filters: discrete and continuous, recursive, non-recursive, optimal and inverse filters; deconvolution.
2) Field theory: Newtonian potential; Laplace and Poisson’s equations; Green’s Theorem; Gauss’ law; Continuation integral; equivalent stratum; Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic theory; Displacement potential, Helmhotz’s theorem and seismic wave propagation.
3) Numerical analysis and inversion: Numerical differentiation and integration, finite element, and finite difference techniques; Simpson’s rules; Gauss’ quadrature formula; initial value problems; pattern recognition in Geophysics. Well posed and ill-posed problems; method of least squares; direct search and gradient methods; generalized inversion techniques; singular value decomposition; global optimization.
4) Gravity and Magnetic fields of the earth: Normal gravity field; Clairaut’s theorem; Shape of the earth; deflection of the vertical, geoid, free-air, Bouguer and isostatic anomalies, isostatic models for local and regional compensation. Geomagnetic field, secular and transient variations and their theories; palaeomagnetism, construction of polar wandering curves.
5) Plate Tectonics and Geodynamics: Vine-Mathews hypothesis, marine magnetic anomalies, sea floor spreading; mid-oceanic ridges and geodynamics; plate tectonics hypothesis; plate boundaries and seismicity. Heat flow mechanisms, core-mantle convection and mantle plumes.
6) Seismology & Tomography: Seismometry: short period, long period, broad band and strong motion; elements of earthquake seismology; seismic sources: faulting source, double couple hypothesis, elastodynamics, Haskell’s function, seismic moment tensor, focal mechanism and fault plane solutions; seismic gaps; seismotectonics and structure of the earth; Himalayan and stable continental region earthquakes, reservoir induced seismicity; seismic hazards; earthquake prediction.
7) Gravity and Magnetic Methods: Gravimeters and magnetometers; data acquisition from land, air and ship; corrections and reduction of anomalies; ambiguity; regional and
residual separation; continuation and derivative calculations; interpretation of anomalies of simple geometric bodies, single pole, sphere, horizontal cylinder, sheet, dyke and fault. Forward modelling and inversion of arbitrary shaped bodies and 2-D, 3-D interfaces. Interpretations in frequency domain.
8) Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods: Electrical profiling and sounding, typical sounding curves, pseudo-sections; resistivity transform and direct interpretation; induced polarization methods. Electromagnetic field techniques; elliptic polarization, in-phase and out of phase components, horizontal and vertical loop methods; interpretation; VLF (very low frequency); AFMAG (Audio frequency magnetic) methods; and central frequency sounding; transient electromagnetic methods; magneto-telluric method; geomagnetic depth sounding.
9) Seismic Methods: Generalized Snell’s Law; Ray theory; reflection, refraction, diffraction; Zoeppritz’s equation; seismic energy sources; detectors; seismic noises and noise profile analysis; seismic data recording and telemetry devices; reduction to a datum and weathering corrections; Interpretation of a refraction seismic data by graphical and analytical techniques; CDP/CMP; seismic reflection data processing, velocity analysis, F-K filtering, stacking, deconvolution, migration before and after stack; bright spot analysis; wavelet processing; attenuation studies, shear waves, AVO; VSP; introduction to 3D seismics; seismic stratigraphy.
10) Well logging and other methods: Open hole, cased hole and production logging; Electrical logs; lateral, latero, induction, S.P; porosity logs; sonic, density, neutron; natural gamma; determination of formation factor, porosity, permeability, density, water saturation, lithology; logging while drilling. Radioactive and geothermal methods.
(IV) METEOROLOGY
1) Climatology: Same as under Geography
2) Physical Meteorology: Thermal structure of the atmosphere and its composition. Radiation: basic Laws – Rayleigh and Mie scattering, multiple scattering, radiation from the sun, solar constant, effect of clouds, surface and planetary albedo. Emission and absorption of terrestrial radiation, radiation windows, radiative transfer, Greenhouse effect, net radiation budget; Thermodynamics of dry and moist air: specific gas constant, Adiabatic and isoentropic processes, entropy and enthalpy, Moisture variables, virtual temperature; Clausius – Clapeyron equation, adiabatic process of moist air; thermodynamic diagrams: Hydrostatic equilibrium: Hydrostatic equation, variation of pressure with height, geopotential, standard atmosphere, altimetry. Vertical stability of the atmosphere: Dry and moist air parcel and slice methods. Tropical convection.
3) Atmospheric Electricity: Fair weather electric field in the atmosphere and potential gradients, ionization in the atmosphere. Electrical fields in thunderstorms, theories of thunderstorm electrification.
4) Cloud Physics: Cloud classification, condensation nuclei, growth of cloud drops and ice-crystals, precipitation mechanisms: Bergeron, Findeisen process, coalescence process – Precipitation of warm and mixed clouds, artificial precipitation, hail suppression, fog and cloud – dissipation, radar observation of clouds and precipitation, radar equation, rain drop spectra, radar echoes of hail storm and tornadoes, radar observation of hurricanes, measurements of rainfall by radar.
5) Dynamic Meteorology: Basic equations and fundamental forces: Pressure, gravity, centripetal and Corolis forces, continuity equation in Cartesian and isobaric coordinates. Momentum equation Cartesian and spherical coordinates; scale analysis, inertial flow, geostrophic and gradient winds, thermal wind. Divergence and vertical motion Rossby, Richardson, Reynolds and Froude numbers. Circulation, vorticity and divergence; Bjerknese circulation theorem and applications, vorticity and divergence equations, scale analysis, potential vorticity, stream function and velocity potential. Atmospheric turbulence: Mixing length theory, planetary boundary layer equations, surface layer, Ekman layer, eddy transport of heat, moisture and momentum, Richardson criterion; Linear Perturbation Theory: Internal and external gravity waves, inertia waves, gravity waves, Rossby waves, wave motion in the tropics, barotropic and baroclinic instabilities. Atmospheric Energetics: Kinetic, potential and internal energies – conversion of potential and internal energies into kinetic energy, available potential energy.
6) Numerical Weather Prediction: computational instability, filtering of sound and gravity waves, filtered forecast equations, barotropic and equivalent barotropic models, two parameter baroclinic model, relaxation method. Multi-layer primitive equation models. Short, medium and long range weather prediction. Objective analysis; Initialization of the data for use in weather prediction models; data assimilation techniques, application of satellite in NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) and remotely sensed data.
7) General Circulation and Climate Modelling: Observed zonally symmetric circulations, meridional circulation models, mean meridional and eddy transport of momentum and energy, angular momentum and energy budgets; zonally asymmetric features of general circulation; standing eddies; east-west circulations in tropics: climate variability and forcings; feedback processes, low frequency variability, MJO Madden-Julian oscillation), ENSO, QBO (quasi-biennial oscillation) and sunspot cycles. Basic principles of general circulation modelling; grid-point and spectral GCMs; role of the ocean in climate modelling; interannual variability of ocean fields (SST, winds, circulation, etc.) and its relationship with monsoon, concepts of ocean – atmosphere coupled models.
8) Synoptic Meteorology: Weather observations and transmission, synoptic charts, analysis of surface, upper air another derivative chart, stream-lines, isotachs and contour analysis; tilt and slope of pressure/weather systems with height. Synoptic weather forecasting, prediction of weather elements such as rain, maximum and minimum
temperature and fog; hazardous weather elements like thunderstorms, duststorms, tornadoes. Tropical meteorology: Trade wind inversion, ITCZ; monsoon trough tropical cyclones, their structure and development theory; monsoon depressions; tropical easterly jet stream; low level jets, Somali jet, waves in easterlies; western disturbances; SW and NE monsoons; synoptic features associated with onset, withdrawal, break active and weak monsoons and their prediction. Air masses and fronts: sources, origin and classification of air masses; and fronts, frontogenesis and frontolysis; structure of cold and warm fronts; weather systems associated with fronts. Extra-tropical synoptic scale features: jet streams, extratropical cyclones and anticyclones.
9) Aviation Meteorology: Role of meteorology in aviation, weather hazards associated with take off cruising and landing, inflight – icing, turbulence, visibility, fog, clouds, rain, gusts, wind shear and thunderstorms, nowcasting and very short range forecasting.
10) Satellite Meteorology: Meteorological satellites – Polar orbiting and geostationary satellites, visible and infrared radiometers, multiscanner radiometers; identification of synoptic systems, fog and sandstorms, detection of cyclones, estimation of SST, cloud top temperatures, winds and rainfall: temperature and humidity soundings.
(V) OCEAN SCIENCES
1) Physical Oceanography: T-S diagrams; mixing processes in the oceans; characteristics of important water masses.Wind generated waves in the oceans; their characteristics; shallow and deep water waves. Propagation, refraction, and reflection of waves. Wave spectrum, principles of wave forecasting.
Tide-producing forces and their magnitudes; prediction of tides by the harmonic method; tides and tidal currents in shallow seas, estuaries and rivers. Factors influencing coastal processes; transformation of waves in shallow water; effects of stratification; effect of bottom friction, phenomena of wave reflection, refraction and diffraction; breakers and surf; littoral currents; wave action on sediments – movement to beach material; rip currents; beach stability, ocean beach nourishment; harbour resonance; seiches; tsunami; interaction of waves and structure.
Estuaries: classification and nomenclature; tides in estuaries; estuarine circulation and mixing; depth – averaged and breadth – averaged models; sedimentation in estuaries; salinity intrusion in estuaries; effect of stratification; coastal pollution; mixing and dispersal of pollutants in estuaries and near-shore areas; coastal zone management.
The global wind system; action of wind on ocean surface; Ekman’s theory; Sverdrup, Stommel and Munk’s theories; upwelling and sinking with special reference to the Indian ocean. Inertial currents; divergences and convergences; geostrophic motion; barotropic and baroclinic conditions; oceanic eddies, relationship between density, pressure and dynamic
topography; relative and slope currents. Wind driven coastal currents; typical scales of motion in the ocean.
Characteristics of the global conveyor belt circulation and its causes.
Formation of subtropical gyres; western boundary currents; equatorial current systems; El Nino; monsoonal winds and currents over the North Indian Ocean; Somali current; southern ocean. Upwelling process in the Arabian Sea.
2) Chemical Oceanography: Composition of seawater – Classification of elements based on their distribution; major and minor constituents; behavior of elements; chemical exchanges across interfaces and residence times in seawater. Chemical and biological interactions – Ionic interactions; cycling and air-sea exchange of important biogenic dissolved gases; carbon dioxide-carbonate system; alkalinity and control of pH; abiotic and biotic controls of trace elements in the ocean; biological pump and controls on atmospheric composition.
3) Geological Oceanography: Same topics as under subhead “Marine Geology & paleo-oceanography
4) Biological Oceanography: Classification of the marine environment and marine organisms. Physio-chemical factors affecting marine life – light, temperature, salinity, pressure, nutrients, dissolved gases; adaptation and biological processes. Primary and secondary production; factors controlling phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and diversity; nekton and fisheries oceanography; benthic organisms; coastal marine communities and community ecology – estuaries, coral reefs and mangrove communities, deep-sea ecology including hydrothermal vent communities.
Energy flow and mineral cycling – energy transfer and transfer efficiencies through different trophic levels; food webs including the microbial loop.
Human impacts on marine communities; impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity. Impact of pollution on marine environments including fisheries
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CSIR-UGC NET JRF and Lectureship Earth Sciences Exam Scheme | CSIR-UGC NET JRF and Lectureship Earth Sciences Exam Syllabus
EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, OCEAN AND PLANETARY SCIENCES
EXAM SCHEME
TIME: 3 HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS: 200
From June, 2011 CSIR-UGC (NET) Exam for Award of Junior Research Fellowship and Eligibility for Lecturership shall be a Single Paper Test having Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). The question paper shall be divided in three parts.
Part ‘A’
This part shall carry 20 questions pertaining to General Science, Quantitative Reasoning & Analysis and Research Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200.
Part ‘B’
This part shall contain 50 Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) generally covering the topics given in the syllabus. A candidate shall be required to answer any 35 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200.
Part ‘C’
This part shall contain 50 questions that are designed to test a candidate’s knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem. Each question may have sub-parts. A candidate shall be required to answer any 10 complete questions, including sub-parts. Each question shall be of 10 marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200.
For Part ‘A’ and ‘B’ there will be Negative marking @25% for each wrong answer. No Negative marking for Part ‘C’.
To enable the candidates to go through the questions, the question paper booklet shall be distributed 15 minutes before the scheduled time of the exam. The Answer sheet shall be distributed at the scheduled time of the exam.
On completion of the exam i.e. at the scheduled closing time of the exam, the candidates shall be allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet. No candidate is allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet in case he/she chooses to leave the test before the scheduled closing time.
EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, OCEAN AND PLANETARY SCIENCES PAPER I (PART B) Syllabus
1. The Earth and the Solar System:
Milky Way and the solar system. Modern theories on the origin of the Earth and other planetary bodies. Earth’s orbital parameters, Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, Geological Time Scale; Space and time scales of processes in the solid Earth, atmosphere and oceans. Age of the Earth. Radioactive isotopes and their applications in earth sciences. Basic principles of stratigraphy. Theories about the origin of life and the nature of fossil record. Earth’s gravity and magnetic fields and its thermal structure: Concept of Geoid and, spheroid; Isostasy.
2 A. Earth Materials, surface features and Processes: Gross composition and physical properties of important minerals and rocks; properties and processes responsible for mineral concentrations; nature and distribution of rocks and minerals in different units of the earth and different parts of India
2 B. Surface features and Processes
Physiography of the Earth; weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition of Earth’s material; formation of soil, sediments and sedimentary rocks; energy balance of the Earth’s surface processes; physiographic features and river basins in India
3. Interior of the Earth, Deformation and Tectonics
Basic concepts of seismology and internal structure of the Earth. Physico-chemical and seismic properties of Earth’s interior. Concepts of stress and strain. Behaviour of rocks under stress; Folds, joints and faults. Earthquakes – their causes and measurement. Interplate and intraplate seismicity. Paleomagnetism, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics.
4. Oceans and Atmosphere
Hypsography of the continents and ocean floor –continental shelf, slope, rise and abyssal plains. Physical and chemical properties of sea water and their spatial variations. Residence times of elements in sea water. Ocean currents, waves and tides, important current systems, thermohaline circulation and the oceanic conveyor belt. Major water masses of the world’s oceans. Biological productivity in the oceans.
Motion of fluids, waves in atmospheric and oceanic systems. Atmospheric turbulence and boundary layer. Structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere, lapse rate and stability, scale height, geopotential, greenhouse gases and global warming. Cloud formation and precipitation processes, air- sea interactions on different space and time scales. Insolation and
heat budget, radiation balance, general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Climatic and sea level changes on different time scales. Coupled ocean-atmosphere system, El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). General weather systems of India, – Monsoon system, cyclone and jet stream, Western disturbances and severe local convective systems, distribution of precipitation over India.
Marine and atmospheric pollution, ozone depletion.
5. Environmental Earth Sciences
Properties of water; hydrological cycle; water resources and management. Energy resources, uses, degradation, alternatives and management; Ecology and biodiversity. Impact of use of energy and land on the environment. Exploitation and conservation of mineral and other natural resources. Natural hazards. Elements of Remote Sensing.
PAPER I (PART C)
I. GEOLOGY
1) MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY:
Concept of point group, space group, reciprocal lattice, diffraction and imaging. Concepts of crystal field theory and mineralogical spectroscopy. TEM and SEM applications. Lattice defects (point, line and planar). Electrical, magnetic and optical properties of minerals. Bonding and crystal structures of common oxides, sulphides, and silicates. Transformation of minerals – polymorphism, polytypism, and polysomatism. Solid solution and exsolution.
Steady-state geotherms. Genesis, properties, emplacement and crystallization of magmas. Phase equilibrium studies of simple systems, effect of volatiles on melt equilibria. Magma-mixing, -mingling and -immiscibility.
Metamorphic structures and textures; isograds and facies. Mineral reactions with condensed phases, solid solutions, mixed volatile equilibria and thermobarometry. Metamorphism of pelites, mafic-ultra mafic rocks and siliceous dolomites. Material transport during metamorphism. P-T-t path in regional metamorphic terrains, plate tectonics and metamorphism.
Petrogenetic aspects of important rock suites of India, such as the Deccan Traps, layered intrusive complexes, anorthosites, carbonatites, charnockites, khondalites gondites and granitoids.
2) STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND GEOTECTONICS:
Theory of stress and strain. Behaviour of rocks under stress. Mohr circle. Various states of stress and their representation by Mohr circles. Different types of failure and sliding criteria. Geometry and mechanics of fracturing and conditions for reactivation of pre-existing discontinuities. Common types of finite strain ellipsoids. L-, L-S-, and S-tectonic fabrics. Techniques of strain analysis. Particle paths and flow patterns. Progressive strain history. Introduction to deformation mechanisms. Role of fluids in deformation processes. Geometry and analyses of brittle-ductile and ductile shear zones. Sheath folds. Geometry and mechanics of development of folds, boudins, foliations and lineations. Interference patterns of superposed fold. Fault-related folding. Gravity induced structures. Tectonic features of extensional-, compressional-, and strike-slip-terranes. and relevance to plate boundaries.
3) PALEONTOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS:
Theories on origin of life. Organic evolution – Punctuated Equilibrium and Phyletic Gradualism models. Mass extinctions and their causes. Application of fossils in age determination and correlation. Paleoecology, Life habitats and various ecosystems, Paleobiogeography. Modes of preservation of fossils and taphonomic considerations. Types of microfossils. Environmental significance of fossils and trace fossils. Use of microfossils in interpretation of sea floor tectonism. Application of micropaleontology in hydrocarbon exploration. Oxygen and Carbon isotope studies of microfossils and their use in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic interpretation. Important invertebrate fossils, vertebrate fossils, plant fossils and microfossils in Indian stratigraphy.
4) SEDIMENTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY:
Clastic sediments- gravel, sand and mud; biogenic, chemical and volcanogenic sediments. Classification of conglomerates, sandstones and mudstones, and carbonate rocks. Flow regimes and processes of sediment transport. Sedimentary textures and structures. Sedimentary facies and environments, reconstruction of paleoenvironments. Formation and evolution of sedimentary basins. Diagenesis of siliciclastic and carbonate rocks.
Recent developments in stratigraphic classification. Code of stratigraphic nomenclature – Stratotypes, Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSP). Lithostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic and biostratigraphic subdivisions. Methods of startigraphic correlation including Shaw’s Graphic correlation. Concept of sequence stratigraphy. Rates of sediment accumulation, unconformities. Facies concept in Stratigraphy – Walther’s law. Methods for paleogeographic reconstruction. Earth’s Climatic History. Phanerozoic stratigraphy of India with reference to the type areas– their correlation with equivalent formations in other regions. Boundary problems in Indian Phanerozoic stratigraphy.
5) MARINE GEOLOGY AND PALEOCEANOGRAPHY:
Morphologic and tectonic domains of the ocean floor. Structure, composition and mechanism of the formation of oceanic crust. hydrothermal vents-. Ocean margins and their significance. Ocean Circulation, Coriolis effect and Ekman spiral, convergence, divergence and upwelling, El Nino. Indian Ocean Dipole Thermohaline circulation and oceanic conveyor belt. Formation of Bottom waters; major water masses of the world’s oceans. Oceanic sediments: Factors controlling the deposition and distribution of oceanic sediments; geochronology of oceanic sediments, diagenetic changes in oxic and anoxic environments. Tectonic evolution of the ocean basins. Mineral resources. Paleoceanography – Approaches to paleoceanographic reconstructions; various proxy indicators for paleoceanographic interpretation. Reconstruction of monsoon variability by using marine proxy records Opening and closing of ocean gateways and their effect on circulation and climate during the Cenozoic. Sea level processes and Sea level changes.
Methods of paleo Sea Surface temperature. Quantifications.
6) GEOCHEMISTRY:
Structure and atomic properties of elements, the Periodic Table; ionic substitution in minerals; Phase rule and its applications in petrology, thermodynamics of reactions involving pure phases, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and fluids; equilibrium and distribution coefficients. Nucleation and diffusion processes in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary environments, redox reactions and Eh-pH diagrams and their applications. Mineral/mineral assemblages as ‘sensors’ of ambient environments. Geochemical studies of aerosols, surface-, marine-, and ground waters. Radioactive decay schemes and their application to geochronology and petrogenesis. Stable isotopes and their application to earth system processes; geochemical cylcles.
7) ECONOMIC GEOLOGY:
Magmatic, hydrothermal and surface processes of ore formation. Metallogeny and its relation to crustal evolution; Active ore-forming systems, methods of mineral deposit studies including ore microscopy, fluid inclusions and isotopic systematics; ores and metamorphism- cause and effect relationships. Geological setting, characteristics, and genesis of ferrous, base and noble metals. Origin, migration and entrapment of petroleum; properties of source and reservoir rocks; structural, stratigraphic and combination traps. Methods of petroleum exploration. Petroliferous basins of India. Origin of peat, lignite, bitumen and anthracite. Classification, rank and grading of coal; coal petrography, coal resources of India. Gas hydrates and coal bed methane. Nuclear and non-conventional energy resources.
8) PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY AND CRUSTAL EVOLUTION:
Evolution of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and cryosphere;, lithological, geochemical and stratigraphic characteristics of granite – greenstone and granulite belts. Stratigraphy and geochronology of the cratonic nuclei, mobile belts and Proterozoic sedimentary basins of India. Life in Precambrian. Precambrian – Cambrian boundary with special reference to India.
9) QUATERNARY GEOLOGY:
Definition of Quaternary. Quaternary Stratigraphy – Oxygen Isotope stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy. Quaternary climates – glacial-interglacial cycles, eustatic changes, proxy indicators of paleoenvironmental/ paleoclimatic changes, – land, ocean and cryosphere (ice core studies). Responses of geomorphic systems to climate, sea level and tectonics on variable time scales in the Quaternary,. Quaternary dating methods, –radiocarbon, Uranium series, Luminescence, Amino-acid, relative dating methods. Quaternary stratigraphy of India– continental records (fluvial, glacial, aeolian, palaeosols and duricrust); marine records; continental-marine correlation of Quaternary record.
Evolution of man and Stone Age cultures. Plant and animal life in relation to glacial and interglacial cycles during Quaternary.
Tectonic geomorphology, neotectonics, active tectonics and their applications to natural hazard assessment.
10) (I)APPLIED GEOLOGY:
(i) Remote Sensing and GIS: Elements of photogrammetry, elements of photo-interpretation, electromagnetic spectrum, emission range, film and imagery, sensors, geological interpretations of air photos and imageries. Global positioning systems. GIS- data structure, attribute data, thematic layers and query analysis.
(ii) Engineering Geology: Engineering properties of rocks and physical characteristics of building stones, concretes and other aggregates. Geological investigations for construction of dams, bridges, highways and tunnels. Remedial measures. Mass movements with special emphasis on landslides and causes of hillslope instability. Seismic design of buildings.
(iii) Mineral Exploration: Geological, geophysical, geochemical and geobotanical methods of surface and sub-surface exploration on different scales. Sampling, assaying and evaluation of mineral deposits.
(iv) Hydrogeology: Groundwater, Darcy’s law, hydrological characteristics of aquifers, hydrological cycle. Precipitation, evapotranspiration and infiltration processes. Hydrological classification of water-bearing formations. Fresh and salt-water relationships in coastal and inland areas. Groundwater exploration and water pollution. Groundwater regimes in India.
(II) PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
1) Geomorphology: Development in geomorphology. Historical and process Geomorphology. Landforms in relation to climate, rock type, structure and tectonics. Processes – weathering, pedogenesis, mass movement, erosion, transportation and deposition. Geomorphic processes and landforms – fluvial, glacial, eolian, coastal and karst. River forms and processes – stream flow, stage-discharge relationship; hydrographs and flood frequency analysis. Submarine relief. Geomorphology and topographic analysis including DEM, Environmental change– causes, effects on processes and landforms. Extra-terrestrial geomorphology.
2) Climatology: Fundamental principles of climatology. Earth’s radiation balance; latitudinal and seasonal variation of insolation, temperature, pressure, wind belts, humidity, cloud formation and precipitation, water balance. Air masses, monsoon, Jet streams, tropical cyclones, and ENSO. Classification of climates – Koppen’s and Thornthwaite’s scheme of classification. Climate change.
3) Bio-geography: Elements of biogeography with special reference to India; environment, habitat, plant-animal association; zoo-geography of India; Biomes, elements of plant geography, distribution of forests and major plant communities. Distribution of major animal communities. Conservation of forests. Wildlife sanctuaries and parks.
4) Environmental Geography: Man-land relationship. Resources – renewable and non-renewable. Natural and man-made hazards – droughts, floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis. Ecological balance, environmental pollution and deterioration.
5) Geography of India: Physiography, drainage, climate, soils and natural resources – the Himalaya, Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, and peninsular India Precambrian shield, the Gondwana rift basins, Deccan Plateau. Indian climatology with special reference to seasonal distribution and variation of temperature, humidity, wind and precipitation; Climate zones of India. Agricultural geography of India. Population – its distribution and characteristics. Urbanization and migration. Environmental problems and issues.
(III) GEOPHYSICS
1) Signal Processing: Continuous and discrete signals; Fourier series; linear time invariant systems with deterministic and random inputs; band limited signal and sampling theorem; discrete and Fast Fourier transform; Z-transform; convolution; Filters: discrete and continuous, recursive, non-recursive, optimal and inverse filters; deconvolution.
2) Field theory: Newtonian potential; Laplace and Poisson’s equations; Green’s Theorem; Gauss’ law; Continuation integral; equivalent stratum; Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic theory; Displacement potential, Helmhotz’s theorem and seismic wave propagation.
3) Numerical analysis and inversion: Numerical differentiation and integration, finite element, and finite difference techniques; Simpson’s rules; Gauss’ quadrature formula; initial value problems; pattern recognition in Geophysics. Well posed and ill-posed problems; method of least squares; direct search and gradient methods; generalized inversion techniques; singular value decomposition; global optimization.
4) Gravity and Magnetic fields of the earth: Normal gravity field; Clairaut’s theorem; Shape of the earth; deflection of the vertical, geoid, free-air, Bouguer and isostatic anomalies, isostatic models for local and regional compensation. Geomagnetic field, secular and transient variations and their theories; palaeomagnetism, construction of polar wandering curves.
5) Plate Tectonics and Geodynamics: Vine-Mathews hypothesis, marine magnetic anomalies, sea floor spreading; mid-oceanic ridges and geodynamics; plate tectonics hypothesis; plate boundaries and seismicity. Heat flow mechanisms, core-mantle convection and mantle plumes.
6) Seismology & Tomography: Seismometry: short period, long period, broad band and strong motion; elements of earthquake seismology; seismic sources: faulting source, double couple hypothesis, elastodynamics, Haskell’s function, seismic moment tensor, focal mechanism and fault plane solutions; seismic gaps; seismotectonics and structure of the earth; Himalayan and stable continental region earthquakes, reservoir induced seismicity; seismic hazards; earthquake prediction.
7) Gravity and Magnetic Methods: Gravimeters and magnetometers; data acquisition from land, air and ship; corrections and reduction of anomalies; ambiguity; regional and
residual separation; continuation and derivative calculations; interpretation of anomalies of simple geometric bodies, single pole, sphere, horizontal cylinder, sheet, dyke and fault. Forward modelling and inversion of arbitrary shaped bodies and 2-D, 3-D interfaces. Interpretations in frequency domain.
8) Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods: Electrical profiling and sounding, typical sounding curves, pseudo-sections; resistivity transform and direct interpretation; induced polarization methods. Electromagnetic field techniques; elliptic polarization, in-phase and out of phase components, horizontal and vertical loop methods; interpretation; VLF (very low frequency); AFMAG (Audio frequency magnetic) methods; and central frequency sounding; transient electromagnetic methods; magneto-telluric method; geomagnetic depth sounding.
9) Seismic Methods: Generalized Snell’s Law; Ray theory; reflection, refraction, diffraction; Zoeppritz’s equation; seismic energy sources; detectors; seismic noises and noise profile analysis; seismic data recording and telemetry devices; reduction to a datum and weathering corrections; Interpretation of a refraction seismic data by graphical and analytical techniques; CDP/CMP; seismic reflection data processing, velocity analysis, F-K filtering, stacking, deconvolution, migration before and after stack; bright spot analysis; wavelet processing; attenuation studies, shear waves, AVO; VSP; introduction to 3D seismics; seismic stratigraphy.
10) Well logging and other methods: Open hole, cased hole and production logging; Electrical logs; lateral, latero, induction, S.P; porosity logs; sonic, density, neutron; natural gamma; determination of formation factor, porosity, permeability, density, water saturation, lithology; logging while drilling. Radioactive and geothermal methods.
(IV) METEOROLOGY
1) Climatology: Same as under Geography
2) Physical Meteorology: Thermal structure of the atmosphere and its composition. Radiation: basic Laws – Rayleigh and Mie scattering, multiple scattering, radiation from the sun, solar constant, effect of clouds, surface and planetary albedo. Emission and absorption of terrestrial radiation, radiation windows, radiative transfer, Greenhouse effect, net radiation budget; Thermodynamics of dry and moist air: specific gas constant, Adiabatic and isoentropic processes, entropy and enthalpy, Moisture variables, virtual temperature; Clausius – Clapeyron equation, adiabatic process of moist air; thermodynamic diagrams: Hydrostatic equilibrium: Hydrostatic equation, variation of pressure with height, geopotential, standard atmosphere, altimetry. Vertical stability of the atmosphere: Dry and moist air parcel and slice methods. Tropical convection.
3) Atmospheric Electricity: Fair weather electric field in the atmosphere and potential gradients, ionization in the atmosphere. Electrical fields in thunderstorms, theories of thunderstorm electrification.
4) Cloud Physics: Cloud classification, condensation nuclei, growth of cloud drops and ice-crystals, precipitation mechanisms: Bergeron, Findeisen process, coalescence process – Precipitation of warm and mixed clouds, artificial precipitation, hail suppression, fog and cloud – dissipation, radar observation of clouds and precipitation, radar equation, rain drop spectra, radar echoes of hail storm and tornadoes, radar observation of hurricanes, measurements of rainfall by radar.
5) Dynamic Meteorology: Basic equations and fundamental forces: Pressure, gravity, centripetal and Corolis forces, continuity equation in Cartesian and isobaric coordinates. Momentum equation Cartesian and spherical coordinates; scale analysis, inertial flow, geostrophic and gradient winds, thermal wind. Divergence and vertical motion Rossby, Richardson, Reynolds and Froude numbers. Circulation, vorticity and divergence; Bjerknese circulation theorem and applications, vorticity and divergence equations, scale analysis, potential vorticity, stream function and velocity potential. Atmospheric turbulence: Mixing length theory, planetary boundary layer equations, surface layer, Ekman layer, eddy transport of heat, moisture and momentum, Richardson criterion; Linear Perturbation Theory: Internal and external gravity waves, inertia waves, gravity waves, Rossby waves, wave motion in the tropics, barotropic and baroclinic instabilities. Atmospheric Energetics: Kinetic, potential and internal energies – conversion of potential and internal energies into kinetic energy, available potential energy.
6) Numerical Weather Prediction: computational instability, filtering of sound and gravity waves, filtered forecast equations, barotropic and equivalent barotropic models, two parameter baroclinic model, relaxation method. Multi-layer primitive equation models. Short, medium and long range weather prediction. Objective analysis; Initialization of the data for use in weather prediction models; data assimilation techniques, application of satellite in NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) and remotely sensed data.
7) General Circulation and Climate Modelling: Observed zonally symmetric circulations, meridional circulation models, mean meridional and eddy transport of momentum and energy, angular momentum and energy budgets; zonally asymmetric features of general circulation; standing eddies; east-west circulations in tropics: climate variability and forcings; feedback processes, low frequency variability, MJO Madden-Julian oscillation), ENSO, QBO (quasi-biennial oscillation) and sunspot cycles. Basic principles of general circulation modelling; grid-point and spectral GCMs; role of the ocean in climate modelling; interannual variability of ocean fields (SST, winds, circulation, etc.) and its relationship with monsoon, concepts of ocean – atmosphere coupled models.
8) Synoptic Meteorology: Weather observations and transmission, synoptic charts, analysis of surface, upper air another derivative chart, stream-lines, isotachs and contour analysis; tilt and slope of pressure/weather systems with height. Synoptic weather forecasting, prediction of weather elements such as rain, maximum and minimum
temperature and fog; hazardous weather elements like thunderstorms, duststorms, tornadoes. Tropical meteorology: Trade wind inversion, ITCZ; monsoon trough tropical cyclones, their structure and development theory; monsoon depressions; tropical easterly jet stream; low level jets, Somali jet, waves in easterlies; western disturbances; SW and NE monsoons; synoptic features associated with onset, withdrawal, break active and weak monsoons and their prediction. Air masses and fronts: sources, origin and classification of air masses; and fronts, frontogenesis and frontolysis; structure of cold and warm fronts; weather systems associated with fronts. Extra-tropical synoptic scale features: jet streams, extratropical cyclones and anticyclones.
9) Aviation Meteorology: Role of meteorology in aviation, weather hazards associated with take off cruising and landing, inflight – icing, turbulence, visibility, fog, clouds, rain, gusts, wind shear and thunderstorms, nowcasting and very short range forecasting.
10) Satellite Meteorology: Meteorological satellites – Polar orbiting and geostationary satellites, visible and infrared radiometers, multiscanner radiometers; identification of synoptic systems, fog and sandstorms, detection of cyclones, estimation of SST, cloud top temperatures, winds and rainfall: temperature and humidity soundings.
(V) OCEAN SCIENCES
1) Physical Oceanography: T-S diagrams; mixing processes in the oceans; characteristics of important water masses.Wind generated waves in the oceans; their characteristics; shallow and deep water waves. Propagation, refraction, and reflection of waves. Wave spectrum, principles of wave forecasting.
Tide-producing forces and their magnitudes; prediction of tides by the harmonic method; tides and tidal currents in shallow seas, estuaries and rivers. Factors influencing coastal processes; transformation of waves in shallow water; effects of stratification; effect of bottom friction, phenomena of wave reflection, refraction and diffraction; breakers and surf; littoral currents; wave action on sediments – movement to beach material; rip currents; beach stability, ocean beach nourishment; harbour resonance; seiches; tsunami; interaction of waves and structure.
Estuaries: classification and nomenclature; tides in estuaries; estuarine circulation and mixing; depth – averaged and breadth – averaged models; sedimentation in estuaries; salinity intrusion in estuaries; effect of stratification; coastal pollution; mixing and dispersal of pollutants in estuaries and near-shore areas; coastal zone management.
The global wind system; action of wind on ocean surface; Ekman’s theory; Sverdrup, Stommel and Munk’s theories; upwelling and sinking with special reference to the Indian ocean. Inertial currents; divergences and convergences; geostrophic motion; barotropic and baroclinic conditions; oceanic eddies, relationship between density, pressure and dynamic
topography; relative and slope currents. Wind driven coastal currents; typical scales of motion in the ocean.
Characteristics of the global conveyor belt circulation and its causes.
Formation of subtropical gyres; western boundary currents; equatorial current systems; El Nino; monsoonal winds and currents over the North Indian Ocean; Somali current; southern ocean. Upwelling process in the Arabian Sea.
2) Chemical Oceanography: Composition of seawater – Classification of elements based on their distribution; major and minor constituents; behavior of elements; chemical exchanges across interfaces and residence times in seawater. Chemical and biological interactions – Ionic interactions; cycling and air-sea exchange of important biogenic dissolved gases; carbon dioxide-carbonate system; alkalinity and control of pH; abiotic and biotic controls of trace elements in the ocean; biological pump and controls on atmospheric composition.
3) Geological Oceanography: Same topics as under subhead “Marine Geology & paleo-oceanography
4) Biological Oceanography: Classification of the marine environment and marine organisms. Physio-chemical factors affecting marine life – light, temperature, salinity, pressure, nutrients, dissolved gases; adaptation and biological processes. Primary and secondary production; factors controlling phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and diversity; nekton and fisheries oceanography; benthic organisms; coastal marine communities and community ecology – estuaries, coral reefs and mangrove communities, deep-sea ecology including hydrothermal vent communities.
Energy flow and mineral cycling – energy transfer and transfer efficiencies through different trophic levels; food webs including the microbial loop.
Human impacts on marine communities; impacts of climate change on marine biodiversity. Impact of pollution on marine environments including fisheries
CSIR UGC NET JRF and Lecturer-ship Chemical Science Exam Scheme | CSIR UGC NET JRF and Lecturer-ship Chemical Science Exam Syllabus
Sunday, 28 August 2011
23:55
Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchHuman Resource Development Group Examination Unit
CSIR UGC NET JRF and Lecturer-ship Chemical Science Exam Scheme | CSIR UGC NET JRF and Lecturer-ship Chemical Science Exam Syllabus
CSIR-UGC (NET) EXAM FOR AWARD OF JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP AND ELIGIBILITY FOR LECTURERSHIP
CHEMICAL SCIENCES EXAM SCHEME
TIME: 3 HOURS
MAXIMUM MARKS: 200
From June, 2011 CSIR-UGC (NET) Exam for Award of Junior Research Fellowship and Eligibility for Lecturership shall be a Single Paper Test having Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). The question paper is divided in three parts
Part ‘A’
This part shall carry 20 questions pertaining to General Science, Quantitative Reasoning & Analysis and Research Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200.
Part ‘B’
This part shall contain 50 Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) generally covering the topics given in the syllabus. A candidate shall be required to answer any 35 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200.
Part ‘C’
This part shall contain 75 questions that are designed to test a candidate’s knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem. A candidate shall be required to answer any 25 questions. Each question shall be of four marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200.
There will be negative marking @25% for each wrong answer.
To enable the candidates to go through the questions, the question paper booklet shall be distributed 15 minutes before the scheduled time of the exam. The Answer sheet shall be distributed at the scheduled time of the exam.
On completion of the exam i.e. at the scheduled closing time of the exam, the candidates shall be allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet. No candidate is allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet in case he/she chooses to leave the test before the scheduled closing time.
CHEMICAL SCIENCES Syllabus
Inorganic Chemistry
1. Chemical periodicity
2. Structure and bonding in homo- and heteronuclear molecules, including shapes of molecules (VSEPR Theory).
3. Concepts of acids and bases, Hard-Soft acid base concept, Non-aqueous solvents.
4. Main group elements and their compounds: Allotropy, synthesis, structure and bonding, industrial importance of the compounds.
5. Transition elements and coordination compounds: structure, bonding theories, spectral and magnetic properties, reaction mechanisms.
6. Inner transition elements: spectral and magnetic properties, redox chemistry, analytical applications.
7. Organometallic compounds: synthesis, bonding and structure, and reactivity. Organometallics in homogeneous catalysis.
8. Cages and metal clusters.
9. Analytical chemistry- separation, spectroscopic, electro- and thermoanalytical methods.
10. Bioinorganic chemistry: photosystems, porphyrins, metalloenzymes, oxygen transport, electron- transfer reactions; nitrogen fixation, metal complexes in medicine.
11. Characterisation of inorganic compounds by IR, Raman, NMR, EPR, Mössbauer, UV-vis, NQR, MS, electron spectroscopy and microscopic techniques.
12. Nuclear chemistry: nuclear reactions, fission and fusion, radio-analytical techniques and activation analysis.
Physical Chemistry:
1. Basic principles of quantum mechanics: Postulates; operator algebra; exactly-
solvable systems: particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom, including shapes of atomic orbitals; orbital and spin angular momenta; tunneling.
2. Approximate methods of quantum mechanics: Variational principle; perturbation theory up to second order in energy; applications.
3. Atomic structure and spectroscopy; term symbols; many-electron systems and antisymmetry principle.
4. Chemical bonding in diatomics; elementary concepts of MO and VB theories; Huckel theory for conjugated π-electron systems.
5. Chemical applications of group theory; symmetry elements; point groups; character tables; selection rules.
6. Molecular spectroscopy: Rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules; electronic spectra; IR and Raman activities – selection rules; basic principles of magnetic resonance.
7. Chemical thermodynamics: Laws, state and path functions and their applications; thermodynamic description of various types of processes; Maxwell’s relations; spontaneity and equilibria; temperature and pressure dependence of thermodynamic quantities; Le Chatelier principle; elementary description of phase transitions; phase equilibria and phase rule; thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal gases, and solutions.
8. Statistical thermodynamics: Boltzmann distribution; kinetic theory of gases; partition functions and their relation to thermodynamic quantities – calculations for model systems.
9. Electrochemistry: Nernst equation, redox systems, electrochemical cells; Debye-Huckel theory; electrolytic conductance – Kohlrausch’s law and its applications; ionic equilibria; conductometric and potentiometric titrations.
10. Chemical kinetics: Empirical rate laws and temperature dependence; complex reactions; steady state approximation; determination of reaction mechanisms; collision and transition state theories of rate constants; unimolecular reactions; enzyme kinetics; salt effects; homogeneous catalysis; photochemical reactions.
11. Colloids and surfaces: Stability and properties of colloids; isotherms and surface area; heterogeneous catalysis.
12. Solid state: Crystal structures; Bragg’s law and applications; band structure of solids.
13. Polymer chemistry: Molar masses; kinetics of polymerization.
14. Data analysis: Mean and standard deviation; absolute and relative errors; linear regression; covariance and correlation coefficient.
Organic Chemistry
1. IUPAC nomenclature of organic molecules including regio- and stereoisomers.
2. Principles of stereochemistry: Configurational and conformational isomerism in acyclic and cyclic compounds; stereogenicity, stereoselectivity, enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity and asymmetric induction.
3. Aromaticity: Benzenoid and non-benzenoid compounds – generation and reactions.
4. Organic reactive intermediates: Generation, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes.
5. Organic reaction mechanisms involving addition, elimination and substitution reactions with electrophilic, nucleophilic or radical species. Determination of reaction pathways.
6. Common named reactions and rearrangements – applications in organic synthesis.
7. Organic transformations and reagents: Functional group interconversion including oxidations and reductions; common catalysts and reagents (organic, inorganic, organometallic and enzymatic). Chemo, regio and stereoselective transformations.
8. Concepts in organic synthesis: Retrosynthesis, disconnection, synthons, linear and convergent synthesis, umpolung of reactivity and protecting groups.
9. Asymmetric synthesis: Chiral auxiliaries, methods of asymmetric induction – substrate, reagent and catalyst controlled reactions; determination of enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess; enantio-discrimination. Resolution – optical and kinetic.
10. Pericyclic reactions – electrocyclisation, cycloaddition, sigmatropic rearrangements and other related concerted reactions. Principles and applications of photochemical reactions in organic chemistry.
11. Synthesis and reactivity of common heterocyclic compounds containing one or two heteroatoms (O, N, S).
12. Chemistry of natural products: Carbohydrates, proteins and peptides, fatty acids, nucleic acids, terpenes, steroids and alkaloids. Biogenesis of terpenoids and alkaloids.
13. Structure determination of organic compounds by IR, UV-Vis, 1H & 13C NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques.
Interdisciplinary topics
1. Chemistry in nanoscience and technology.
2. Catalysis and green chemistry.
3. Medicinal chemistry.
4. Supramolecular chemistry.
5. Environmental chemistry
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CSIR UGC NET JRF and Lecturer-ship Chemical Science Exam Scheme | CSIR UGC NET JRF and Lecturer-ship Chemical Science Exam Syllabus
CSIR-UGC (NET) EXAM FOR AWARD OF JUNIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP AND ELIGIBILITY FOR LECTURERSHIP
CHEMICAL SCIENCES EXAM SCHEME
TIME: 3 HOURS
MAXIMUM MARKS: 200
From June, 2011 CSIR-UGC (NET) Exam for Award of Junior Research Fellowship and Eligibility for Lecturership shall be a Single Paper Test having Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). The question paper is divided in three parts
Part ‘A’
This part shall carry 20 questions pertaining to General Science, Quantitative Reasoning & Analysis and Research Aptitude. The candidates shall be required to answer any 15 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 30 out of 200.
Part ‘B’
This part shall contain 50 Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) generally covering the topics given in the syllabus. A candidate shall be required to answer any 35 questions. Each question shall be of two marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 70 out of 200.
Part ‘C’
This part shall contain 75 questions that are designed to test a candidate’s knowledge of scientific concepts and/or application of the scientific concepts. The questions shall be of analytical nature where a candidate is expected to apply the scientific knowledge to arrive at the solution to the given scientific problem. A candidate shall be required to answer any 25 questions. Each question shall be of four marks. The total marks allocated to this section shall be 100 out of 200.
There will be negative marking @25% for each wrong answer.
To enable the candidates to go through the questions, the question paper booklet shall be distributed 15 minutes before the scheduled time of the exam. The Answer sheet shall be distributed at the scheduled time of the exam.
On completion of the exam i.e. at the scheduled closing time of the exam, the candidates shall be allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet. No candidate is allowed to carry the Question Paper Booklet in case he/she chooses to leave the test before the scheduled closing time.
CHEMICAL SCIENCES Syllabus
Inorganic Chemistry
1. Chemical periodicity
2. Structure and bonding in homo- and heteronuclear molecules, including shapes of molecules (VSEPR Theory).
3. Concepts of acids and bases, Hard-Soft acid base concept, Non-aqueous solvents.
4. Main group elements and their compounds: Allotropy, synthesis, structure and bonding, industrial importance of the compounds.
5. Transition elements and coordination compounds: structure, bonding theories, spectral and magnetic properties, reaction mechanisms.
6. Inner transition elements: spectral and magnetic properties, redox chemistry, analytical applications.
7. Organometallic compounds: synthesis, bonding and structure, and reactivity. Organometallics in homogeneous catalysis.
8. Cages and metal clusters.
9. Analytical chemistry- separation, spectroscopic, electro- and thermoanalytical methods.
10. Bioinorganic chemistry: photosystems, porphyrins, metalloenzymes, oxygen transport, electron- transfer reactions; nitrogen fixation, metal complexes in medicine.
11. Characterisation of inorganic compounds by IR, Raman, NMR, EPR, Mössbauer, UV-vis, NQR, MS, electron spectroscopy and microscopic techniques.
12. Nuclear chemistry: nuclear reactions, fission and fusion, radio-analytical techniques and activation analysis.
Physical Chemistry:
1. Basic principles of quantum mechanics: Postulates; operator algebra; exactly-
solvable systems: particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom, including shapes of atomic orbitals; orbital and spin angular momenta; tunneling.
2. Approximate methods of quantum mechanics: Variational principle; perturbation theory up to second order in energy; applications.
3. Atomic structure and spectroscopy; term symbols; many-electron systems and antisymmetry principle.
4. Chemical bonding in diatomics; elementary concepts of MO and VB theories; Huckel theory for conjugated π-electron systems.
5. Chemical applications of group theory; symmetry elements; point groups; character tables; selection rules.
6. Molecular spectroscopy: Rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules; electronic spectra; IR and Raman activities – selection rules; basic principles of magnetic resonance.
7. Chemical thermodynamics: Laws, state and path functions and their applications; thermodynamic description of various types of processes; Maxwell’s relations; spontaneity and equilibria; temperature and pressure dependence of thermodynamic quantities; Le Chatelier principle; elementary description of phase transitions; phase equilibria and phase rule; thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal gases, and solutions.
8. Statistical thermodynamics: Boltzmann distribution; kinetic theory of gases; partition functions and their relation to thermodynamic quantities – calculations for model systems.
9. Electrochemistry: Nernst equation, redox systems, electrochemical cells; Debye-Huckel theory; electrolytic conductance – Kohlrausch’s law and its applications; ionic equilibria; conductometric and potentiometric titrations.
10. Chemical kinetics: Empirical rate laws and temperature dependence; complex reactions; steady state approximation; determination of reaction mechanisms; collision and transition state theories of rate constants; unimolecular reactions; enzyme kinetics; salt effects; homogeneous catalysis; photochemical reactions.
11. Colloids and surfaces: Stability and properties of colloids; isotherms and surface area; heterogeneous catalysis.
12. Solid state: Crystal structures; Bragg’s law and applications; band structure of solids.
13. Polymer chemistry: Molar masses; kinetics of polymerization.
14. Data analysis: Mean and standard deviation; absolute and relative errors; linear regression; covariance and correlation coefficient.
Organic Chemistry
1. IUPAC nomenclature of organic molecules including regio- and stereoisomers.
2. Principles of stereochemistry: Configurational and conformational isomerism in acyclic and cyclic compounds; stereogenicity, stereoselectivity, enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity and asymmetric induction.
3. Aromaticity: Benzenoid and non-benzenoid compounds – generation and reactions.
4. Organic reactive intermediates: Generation, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes.
5. Organic reaction mechanisms involving addition, elimination and substitution reactions with electrophilic, nucleophilic or radical species. Determination of reaction pathways.
6. Common named reactions and rearrangements – applications in organic synthesis.
7. Organic transformations and reagents: Functional group interconversion including oxidations and reductions; common catalysts and reagents (organic, inorganic, organometallic and enzymatic). Chemo, regio and stereoselective transformations.
8. Concepts in organic synthesis: Retrosynthesis, disconnection, synthons, linear and convergent synthesis, umpolung of reactivity and protecting groups.
9. Asymmetric synthesis: Chiral auxiliaries, methods of asymmetric induction – substrate, reagent and catalyst controlled reactions; determination of enantiomeric and diastereomeric excess; enantio-discrimination. Resolution – optical and kinetic.
10. Pericyclic reactions – electrocyclisation, cycloaddition, sigmatropic rearrangements and other related concerted reactions. Principles and applications of photochemical reactions in organic chemistry.
11. Synthesis and reactivity of common heterocyclic compounds containing one or two heteroatoms (O, N, S).
12. Chemistry of natural products: Carbohydrates, proteins and peptides, fatty acids, nucleic acids, terpenes, steroids and alkaloids. Biogenesis of terpenoids and alkaloids.
13. Structure determination of organic compounds by IR, UV-Vis, 1H & 13C NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques.
Interdisciplinary topics
1. Chemistry in nanoscience and technology.
2. Catalysis and green chemistry.
3. Medicinal chemistry.
4. Supramolecular chemistry.
5. Environmental chemistry
IGNOU B.Arch 2nd Counselling Schedule 2011 | IGNOU B.Arch Second Counselling Schedule 2011 | www.ignou.ac.in
Tuesday, 16 August 2011
10:35
IGNOU B.Arch 2nd Counselling Schedule 2011 | IGNOU B.Arch Second Counselling Schedule 2011 | www.ignou.ac.in
Indira Gandhi National Open University published the Second B. Arch Second Counseling Schedule 2011
VENUE :
(1) CONVENTION CENTRE
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
IGNOU, MADIAN GARHI, NEW DELHI-110 068
(2) Candidates from states like Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu,
Kerala, Goa, etc. have a choice either to attend counselling at IGNOU, New Delhi or at Institute of Design, Environment and Architecture, (IDEA), GOA at the following
address:
VIDYA VARDHAN’S INSTITUTE OF DESIGN, ENVIRONMENT AND
ARCHITECTURE (IDEA), 593, MAZILVADDO, RAIA, SALCETTE, GOA-403 720
Phone No. : 0832-2858366/09822055188
Click Here To More Details Click Here
Read full here
Indira Gandhi National Open University published the Second B. Arch Second Counseling Schedule 2011
VENUE :
(1) CONVENTION CENTRE
INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
IGNOU, MADIAN GARHI, NEW DELHI-110 068
(2) Candidates from states like Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu,
Kerala, Goa, etc. have a choice either to attend counselling at IGNOU, New Delhi or at Institute of Design, Environment and Architecture, (IDEA), GOA at the following
address:
VIDYA VARDHAN’S INSTITUTE OF DESIGN, ENVIRONMENT AND
ARCHITECTURE (IDEA), 593, MAZILVADDO, RAIA, SALCETTE, GOA-403 720
Phone No. : 0832-2858366/09822055188
Click Here To More Details Click Here
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Recruitment Selection Scheme 2011 | DMRC Recruitment Selection Procedure 2011
Sunday, 31 July 2011
13:01
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Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Recruitment Selection Scheme 2011 | DMRC Recruitment Selection Procedure 2011
Selection process: For the post of Sr.System Analyst (post code-01), the selection methodology will comprise three-stage process – Written Test (two papers), Personal Interview followed by Medical examination in Bee-Two category.
Read full here
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Recruitment Selection Scheme 2011 | DMRC Recruitment Selection Procedure 2011
Selection process: For the post of Sr.System Analyst (post code-01), the selection methodology will comprise three-stage process – Written Test (two papers), Personal Interview followed by Medical examination in Bee-Two category.
For the post of Station Controller/Train Operator (post code-02) and Customer Relations Assistant (post code-03), the selection methodology will comprise four-stage process – Written Test (two papers), Psycho Test & Personal Interview followed by Medical examination in Aye-one category.
For the post of Jr.Engineers (Electrical / Electronics/Mechanical/Civil), (post codes 04,05,06&07) the selection methodology will comprise three-stage process – Written Test (two papers), Personal Interview followed by Medical examination in Aye-one category not below Aye-three. For the post of Fire Inspector, (post code-08) the selection methodology will comprise three-stage process – Written Test (two papers), Personal Interview followed by Medical examination in Aye-One category & specified physical requirements. For the post of Office Assistant (post codes 09) & Store Assistant (post code-11) the selection methodology will comprise three-stage process – Written Test (two papers) & Personal Interview/skill test followed by Medical Examination in Cee-One category.
